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What are the most important laws of physics to remember?
What are the most important laws of physics to remember?
Physics is the scientific study of matter and energy and how
they interact with each other.
This energy can take the form of motion, light, electricity, radiation, gravity
. . . just about anything, honestly. Physics deals with matter on scales
ranging from sub-atomic particles (i.e. the particles that make up the atom and
the particles that make up those particles) to stars and even entire galaxies
......................................…
How Physics Works
As an experimental science, physics utilizes the scientific
method to formulate and test hypotheses that are based on observation of
the natural world. The goal of physics is to use the results of these
experiments to formulate scientific laws, usually expressed in the language of
mathematics, which can then be used to predict other phenomena.
......................................…
The Role of Physics in Science
In a broader sense, physics can be seen as the most fundamental of the natural
sciences. Chemistry, for example, can be viewed as a complex application of
physics, as it focuses on the interaction of energy and matter in chemical
systems. We also know that biology is, at its heart, an application of chemical properties in living things, which means that
it is also, ultimately, ruled by the physical laws.
Major Concepts in Physics
Because physics covers so much area, it is divided into several specific fields
of study, such as electronics, quantum physics, astronomy, and biophysics.
......................................…
Important Laws of Physics to Remember
newtons laws of motion
newtons law of gravity
laws of thermodynamics
quantum physics
fundamentals of particle physics
einsteins therory of relativity
......................................…
Newton's Three Laws of Motion:
Sir Isaac Newton developed the Three Laws of Motion, which describe basic rules
about how the motion of physical objects change. Newton was able to define the
fundamental relationship between the acceleration of an object and the total
forces acting upon it.
"Law" of Gravity:
Newton developed his "Law of Gravity" to explain the attractive force
between a pair of masses. In the twentieth century, it became clear that this
is not the whole story, as Einstein's theory of general
relativity has provided a more comprehensive explanation for the
phenomenon of gravity. Still, Newton's law of gravity
is an accurate low-energy approximation that works for most of the cases that
you'll explore in physics.
Conservation of Mass-Energy:
The total energy in a closed or isolated system is constant, no matter what happens.
Another law stated that the mass in an isolated system is constant. When
Einstein discovered the relationship E=mc2 (in other words that mass was a manifestation
of energy) the law was said to refer to the conservation of mass-energy. The
total of both mass and energy is retained, although some may change forms. The
ultimate example of this is a nuclear explosion, where mass transforms into
energy.
Conservation of Momentum:
The total momentum in a closed or isolated system remains constant. An
alternative of this is the law of conservation of
angular momentum.
Laws of Thermodynamics:
The laws of thermodynamics are actually specific manifestations of the law of
conservation of mass-energy as it relates to thermodynamic
processes.
The zeroeth law of thermodynamics makes the
notion of temperature possible.
The first law of thermodynamics demonstrates the
relationship between internal energy, added heat,
and work within a system.
The second law of thermodynamics relates to the
natural flow of heat within a closed system.
The third law of thermodynamics states that it is
impossible to create a thermodynamic process
which is perfectly efficient.
Electrostatic Laws:
Coulomb's law and Gauss's
law are formulations of the relationship between electrically charged
particles to create electrostatic force and electrostatic fields. The formulas,
it turns out, parallel the laws of universal gravitation in structure. There
also exist similar laws relating to magnetism and electromagnetism as a whole.
Invariance of the Speed of Light:
Einstein's major insight, which led him to the Theory of
Relativity, was the realization that the speed of light in a vacuum